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Tuesday, 9 January 2024

On the Riemann Hypothesis

It is a common method of mathematics to try to get insight from the simpler cases of a problem. In case of the Riemann Hypothesis our only such hope is the Basel problem
Euler's solution can be generalized, but those I have tried become useless rather fast. 

Another solution of the Basel problem seems general enough to be possible to be applied to higher powers: the solution using Parseval's identity (theorem). Using Parseval's identity one can find the values of ζ for all even integers.
Why just don't we apply the same to s=3, and find odd powers as well?. The reason boils down to the fact that Lp is Hilbert iff p=2. The proof relies on the Parallelogram law in turn, which is founded on the notion of inner product space. 
An inner product is defined for two vectors only [this is related to the two values of binary logic but here is not the place to pursue that]. 
Why? Sentimental reasons can be provided, such as `logic is binary', etc. but there is no logical necessity. One should in principle be able to define inner product for any number of vectors. In particular, for  s=3 one can define ,,:V×V×VR by
u,v,w=iuiviwi.

One can create differential geometry accordingly:
ds3=gabcdxadxbdxc.

Next step, we should create an analogue Fourier analysis. Important problems arise here, such as `why don't we have triply-periodic functions' [not the usual answer], etc. 
Fourier analysis is based on the Hilbert inner product of two functions
f,g=baf(x)ˉg(x) dx.
This requires two tools
  1. Generalization/analogue of complex conjugation, which in turn faces us with the old problem of `triplets',
  2. Inner product of three functions.
The second we already have, but for the first we must define a product 
:V×V×VV,
such that our natural expectations are satisfied. We expect
  1. (x1,0,0)(x2,0,0)(x3,0,0)=(x1x2x3,0,0)
  2. (0,1,0)3=(1,0,0)
  3. j3=0,j0(0,0,1)3=(0,0,0)
We define basic trigonometric functions by the following system of ODEs
  • ddzstz=ctz ttz
  • ddzctz=stz ttz
  • ddzttz=stz ctz

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